There is global recognition that hunger and the cycle of poverty in Africa are two of the most significant development challenges that the world faces today. Studies have shown agriculture to be the most effective driver of growth in the world’s poorest countries. In this regard, farmers in Africa face many challenges, including land distribution, market constraints, access to affordable technologies and practices that work with on-farm resources, such as soil and water management, biodiversity conservation strategies, and mixed cropping. African farmers hold a diverse knowledge base and have achieved a rich and diverse agricultural landscape. Increasing investment in agricultural infrastructure, post harvest losses, education, training and research are key to achieving economically, socially and environmentally sustainable agricultural systems that will improve the quality of life for farmers and farming communities in Africa.